Three Basic Rules

Q: What should a young person look for in a career?

A: I have three basic rules. Meeting all three is nearly impossible, but you should try anyway:

• Don't sell anything you wouldn't buy yourself.
• Don't work for anyone you don't respect and admire.
• Work only with people you enjoy.

I have been incredibly fortunate in my life: With Warren I had all three.

(Charlie Munger)

與其以此為守則，不如現實一點，視之為目標。四十嵗前達到，可以嗎？

The Law of Comparative Advantage

(S: George Shultz; M: Charlie Munger)


S: Charlie, the way I figure it is if we stop trading with China, the other advanced nations will do it anyway, and we wouldn't stop the ascent of China compared to us, and we'd lose the Ricardo-diagnosed advantages of Trade.


M: Well, George, you've just invented a new form of the tragedy of the commons. You're locked in this system, and you can't fix it. You're going to go to a tragic hell in a handbasket, if going to hell involves being once the great leader of the world and finally going to the shallows in terms of leadership.


S: Charlie, I do not want to think about this.


After reading the above conversation in "Poor Charlie's Almanac", my contemplation on free trade and the Law of Comparative Advantage should end.

Imperialism

幾年前拜訪一個南非客戶，父子在開普敦經營一間四十多人的工廠，生産卡式收音機（仍然生産卡式收音機是一奇，在南非生産則更奇！），也從中國進口代理其他電子產品。祖籍英國，幾代前移居到來。


Cape Town是一個很美麗的城市，氣候宜人，在海邊的餐廳坐著喝著，感覺像地中海的一個歐洲城市，一點也感覺不到非洲。可是客戶卻告誡晚上切忌亂走，用膳須坐計程車點到點直達海邊，可見治安並不太好。據説約翰内斯堡的治安更糟。“南非的HIV帶菌者，佔總人口的百分之十”，在接機後的途中，他如是說。我想，繼鑽石和黃金，HIV應是南非的第三大象徵。


當時有點困惑，但不便請教他：爲何會有英國人移居南非？今天讀到羅素《Freedom Versus Organization》Imperialism的一節，終於得到部分答案：


"Though it involved some genuine idealism, in daily life imperialism was usually a more mundane affair, with straightforward economic motives. These were somewhat different in those who emigrated and in those who merely invested money. Various reasons caused the upper and professional classes to favour extensions of the Empire. Young men of no great ability, brought up in habits of social superiority, and finding society at home becoming democratic, were glad of the chance of earning a living and exercising command in regions inhabited by 'inferior' races. Overcrowding, industrialism, and legality made England seem dull to adventurous dispositions, and hateful to those who loved solitude and beautiful surroundings. A considerable number of men went to the colonies only to escape from the ugliness and cramped conditions of modern English life, and found themselves unintentional empire-builders..."

The Problem of China

羅素於1920-21年旅居中國一年，回英後寫了“The Problem of China”。


"The Chinese have discovered, and have practiced for many centuries, a way of life which, if it could be adopted by all the world, would make all the world happy. We Europeans have not. Our way of life demands strife, exploitation, restless change, discontent and destruction. Efficiency directed to destruction can only end in annihilation, and it is to this consummation that our civilization is tending, if it cannot learn some of that wisdom for which it despises the East."
羅素對中國文化的評價高得離奇，沒讀過的不易相信。


"Western Europe and America have a practically homogeneous mental life, which I should trace to three sources: 1) Greek culture; 2) Jewish religion and ethics; 3) modern industrialism, which itself is an outcome of modern science. We may take Plato, the Old Testament and Galileo as representing these three elements, which have remained singularly separable down to the present day. From the Greeks we derive literature and the arts, philosophy and pure mathematics; also the more urbane portions of our social outlook. From the Jews we derive fanatical belief, which its friends call "faith"; moral fervour, with the conception of sin; religious intolerance, and some part of or nationalism. From science, as applied in industrialism, we derive power and the sense of power, the belief that we are as gods, and may justly be the arbiters of life and death for unscientific races. We derive also the empirical method, by which almost all real knowledge has been acquired."


"Comparing the civilization of China with that of Europe, one finds in China most of what was to be found in Greece, but nothing of the other two elements of our civilization, namely Judaism and science. China is practically destitute of religion, not only in the upper classes, but throughout the population. There is a very definite ethical code, but it is not fierce or persecuting, and does not contain the notion of sin."


"The typical Westerner wishes to be the cause of as many changes as possible in his environment; the typical Chinaman wishes to enjoy as much and as delicately as possible. This difference is at the bottom of most of the contrast between China and the English-speaking world."
那是民國時期的中國，如今中西的差別已不多。


"Shortly before I left China, an eminent Chinese writer pressed me to say what I considered the chief defects of the Chinese. With some reluctance, I mentioned three: avarice, cowardice, and callousness. Strange to say, my interlocutor, instead of getting angry, admitted the justice of my criticism, and proceeded to discuss possible remedies."
誰說老外不理解中國國情？

兔年願望

閲讀的速度太慢，喝酒的速度太快，今年的願望是加快前者減慢後者，達至我的Pareto Optimality。

閲讀

少時沒有閲讀的習慣，畢業前所讀過的課外書恐怕只有金庸及古龍。離開校園找工作的那一年，才醒覺自己的諸多不足，然後讀了《李天命的思考藝術》，自此閲讀便與吃喝拉撒睡同級。


知識的探求是"moral obligation"，直至目前爲止，閲讀仍是唯一最有效途徑。後悔少時沒學好中英文，所以絕不容許女兒重蹈覆轍。


智商是先天，可改變的不多；小朋友天生好奇，不要窒礙便行；語文能力將會是教育的唯一重點。好奇心加高速閲讀，learning machine是也！